Manejo actual del donante potencial de órganos y tejidos en muerte cerebral: guía de manejo y revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.17Palabras clave:
trasplante, trasplante de órganos, selección de donante, obtención de tejidos y órganos, muerte encefálicaResumen
El trasplante de órganos es, en muchos casos, la única opción terapéutica para pacientes con enfermedades terminales de diversos órganos esenciales, sin embargo, existe un acentuado desequilibrio entre el número de órganos disponibles y el de potenciales receptores a nivel mundial.
Los donantes con muerte cerebral son la principal fuente de órganos de trasplante y son esenciales las medidas que promueven su reconocimiento temprano para realizar una gestión clínica apropiada. En este contexto, se sabe que el manejo clínico agresivo del donante potencial y el uso de protocolos orientados a determinados objetivos se asocia con un mayor número de órganos trasplantados por donante y a la reducción de las pérdidas de potenciales donantes por paro cardiaco.
Colombia es un país con bajos índices de donación y grandes necesidades de trasplantes, con una lista de espera que cada año aumenta exponencialmente. En esta revisión se exponen las recomendaciones internacionales para el manejo del donante potencial con muerte cerebral, las cuales esperamos se puedan adoptar en los protocolos institucionales para optimizar el manejo de nuestros potenciales donantes en Colombia y, así, aumentar los trasplantes y suplir las necesidades de nuestros pacientes.
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