Tumores del estroma gastrointestinal del duodeno: revisión de la literatura científica actual con énfasis en el tratamiento
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https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.413Palabras clave:
tumores del estroma gastrointestinal, duodeno, cirugía, terapia neoadyuvanteResumen
La localización en el duodeno es la más compleja para el tratamiento de los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors, GIST). Los GIST duodenales son relativamente infrecuentes, con una prevalencia de 5 % a 7 % de todos los tratados quirúrgicamente. La mayoría de las publicaciones sobre GIST duodenales son reportes de caso o series de casos. Consecuentemente, las manifestaciones clínicas, el diagnóstico radiológico, el tratamiento quirúrgico y los factores pronósticos, constituyen materia de controversia. En el presente artículo se revisa, principalmente, el tratamiento quirúrgico de los GIST duodenales, tratando de establecer las opciones quirúrgicas de acuerdo con su localización. La mayoría de los artículos sobre GIST duodenales mencionan que, a diferencia de otros tumores localizados en el aparato gastrointestinal, el procedimiento óptimo para el tratamiento del GIST duodenal no se encuentra bien caracterizado en la literatura científica. Sin embargo, la revisión de las publicaciones sobre el tema demuestra que el abordaje quirúrgico descrito por diferentes autores es bastante estándar. Todos toman en cuenta la localización del GIST en el duodeno y sus relaciones anatómicas, para decidir entre la resección local o la pancreatoduodenectomía. Utilizando este conocimiento de sentido común, se proponen opciones quirúrgicas para GIST duodenales basadas en su localización en el duodeno.
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