Situación actual de la cirugía video-toracoscópica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.334Palabras clave:
cirugía torácica, cirugía torácica asistida por video, procedimientos quirúrgicos operativos, historia, complicacionesResumen
La práctica de la cirugía torácica ha evolucionado a lo largo del tiempo. Inicialmente se utilizaba la toracotomía como único abordaje para tratar las enfermedades torácicas de indicación quirúrgica. En el último siglo, el avance tecnológico y las nuevas técnicas de video han permitido el progreso de la video-toracoscopia, convirtiéndola en la actualidad en el método estándar para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de un importante número de enfermedades torácicas. Este método permite una recuperación rápida de los pacientes, con disminución del trauma quirúrgico, el estrés metabólico, los analgésicos, el tiempo de hospitalización, y las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. Aunque se considera un procedimiento seguro, no está exento de presentar complicaciones que pueden requerir, en un muy bajo porcentaje, la toracotomía, razón por la cual los cirujanos entrenados en video-toracoscopia nunca deben desconocer la técnica de abordaje a cielo abierto.
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