Pancreatitis aguda: puntos clave. Revisión argumentativa de la literatura

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30944/20117582.2206

Palabras clave:

páncreas, pancreatitis aguda, pancreatitis aguda necrosante, dolor abdominal, abdomen agudo

Resumen

Introducción. La pancreatitis aguda es una condición gastrointestinal común que se asocia a una importante morbimortalidad. Se estima que su incidencia es de 34 por cada 100.000 habitantes, afecta principalmente a adultos a partir de la sexta década de la vida y en nuestra región es debida en la mayoría de los casos a cálculos biliares.

Métodos. Se hizo una revisión de los aspectos fundamentales de esta patología, común y potencialmente mortal.

Resultados. El diagnóstico requiere del hallazgo de manifestaciones clínicas, aumento de las enzimas pancreáticas en suero y, en ocasiones, el uso de imágenes diagnósticas. Se puede clasificar en leve, moderada y severa, lo cual es fundamental para determinar la necesidad de tratamiento y vigilancia en una unidad de cuidados intensivos.

Conclusión. En la actualidad los pilares de manejo de la pancreatitis aguda son la terapia temprana con líquidos, tratamiento del dolor, inicio precoz de la vía oral y resolución del factor etiológico desencadenante. En presencia de complicaciones o un curso severo de enfermedad, pueden requerirse manejo antibiótico e intervenciones invasivas.

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Biografía del autor/a

David Muñoz, Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo (HUHMP), Neiva, Colombia.

Médico, especialista en Cirugía general.

Rolando Medina, Universidad Surcolombiana, Neiva, Colombia.

Médico, especialista en Cirugía general; jefe, Servicio de Cirugía general, Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo (HUHMP); profesor asociado, Programa de Cirugía general, 

Wilmer Fernando Botache, Universidad Surcolombiana, Neiva, Colombia.

Médico, especialista en Cirugía general y Cirugía de trauma y Emergencias, Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo (HUHMP); profesor asociado, Programa de Cirugía general.

Ricardo Elías Arrieta, Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo (HUHMP), Neiva, Colombia.

Médico.

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Publicado

2023-01-19

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Muñoz, D.; Medina, R.; Botache, W. F.; Arrieta, R. E. Pancreatitis Aguda: Puntos Clave. Revisión Argumentativa De La Literatura. Rev Colomb Cir 2023, 38, 339-351.

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